Method of and machine for forming linings



Oct. 13, 1953 w. P. DREW 2,655,080

METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR FORMING LININGS Filed Sept. 10, 1947 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR WILL/5 P. DREW ATTORNEYS Oct. 13, 1953 w. P. DREW METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR FORMING LININGS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 10, 1947 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 1 3, 1953 METHOD OF AND MACHINE FOR FORMING LININGS Willis P. Drew, La Grange, Ill., assignor to Arkell Safety Bag Company, New

notation of New York York, N. Y., a cor- Application September 10, 1947, Serial N 0. 773,264

4 Claims.

1 The present invention relates to methods of and machines for forming linings, bags, and other articles made of stretchable paper, and has for its object to provide a novel and improved method and machine of this character.

The several features of the invention, whereby this and other objects may be attained, will be readily understood from the following description and accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a view in perspective of a bag lin- Jing embodying the features of the invention in their preferred form;

Figs. 2 and 3 are detail sectional views, on an enlarged scale, respectively taken on the lines .2-2 and 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top end view of the lining shown open and ready for use;-

Fig. 5 is a view in perspective of a modified :form of lining;

Fig. 6 is a similar view of another modified .form of lining;

Fig. 7 is a view in perspective of a drop or covering sheet made in accordance with my improved method, the sheet being shown in dotted lines in open or spread condition;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatical side view of a machine that may be employed in carrying out my improved method; and

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatical plan view of the same.

In forming linings of the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, two webs of plain or fiat paper 2 and 4, such as kraft paper, are .fed longitudinally in superposed relation from supply rolls 6 and 8 (Figs. 8 and 9), the webs being brought together as they pass over a roller 10. A the two webs approach the roller [0, transverse strips of adhesive I! may be applied to the underside of the web 4 as by means of a rotating blade [4 which receives glue from a glue roll E5, the strips of glue l2 being spaced .apart a distance corresponding substantially to the length of the linings to be formed. These transverse strips of adhesive l2, however, may be emitted in certain instances as hereinafter rated steam from a pipe I9 is blown under pressure between the converging webs to moisten their inside surfaces to assist in preparing the sheets for crinkling, the steam striking the sheets about two inches from the roller 10.

From the roller [0 the composite strip thus formed passes over a guide roller 28 and beneath a perforated drum or screen 22 in a water tank 24 so as to moisten the composite strip. It will be understood, however, that any other suitable means may be employed to moisten the strip. When the strip thus receives the proper amount of moisture, it may pass through a crinkling and corrugating machine, indicated at 26. This machine may be and preferably is the same as the one illustrated and described in the patent to McBean 2,124,582, dated July 26, 1938. This machine applies transversely extending crinkles 28 and corrugations 30 to the composite web, the corrugations being somewhat flattened in a more or less dove-tailed form.

After leaving the crinkling and corrugating machine, the web may be passed through a drier 21 having rollers or tubes 29 over which the web passes as it travels back and forth through the drier. As the web leaves the drier it passes between nip rolls 3| which may pull the web into festooning apparatus (not shown) for loading trucks.

Subsequently the web may be severed on lines adjacent the front edges of the adhesive strip 2 as by means of knives 33. In case the transverse strips are omitted, lining or bag tube lengths may be formed upon severing the web on lines that are properly spaced apart.

In cases where the transverse strips l2 have been omitted, it has been found that the composite web or tube comes out of the drier in a balloon-like manner rather than in a fiat form. This results in the sheets, in spite of the previously formed interlocking crinkles and corrugations, being separated throughout the entire area iereof between the longitudinal lines of adhesive. Consequently when each bag tube length is cut oif, the two sheets or walls thereof are not attached together by interlocking of the corrugations between the lines of adhesive, but are separated so that the bag tube, either before or after it is made into a lining may be easily opened.

I have found that in case of any gap or leakage in the side seams, such ballooning effect is eliminated or reduced until the defective portion passes the nip rolls. In this way any such defeet in the bag lengths or linings can be easily detected previously to completing the bags or linings.

The reasons for such ballooning of the composite web or tube and separation of the sheets are believed to be as follows: The blowing of saturated steam under pressure between the two Webs as {they approach the -roll ID .by means of the pipe 19 as described, results in a constant pressure at this point of steam and air. The

subsequent processing of the sheets in crinkling and corrugating, is done against this pressure although the volume of entrapped air "and steam at this point is small. The tube enters the drier wet, and at this point it is practica'lly =flat since the corrugations tend to hold the-topand bottom sheets together. As the tube travels through the drier the heat tends to expand =the;.entrappe d :air and gas and gradually a small ballooning effect is noticeable. When the tube leaves thefinal-roll of the drier and is fed between the two nip rolls '31, the nip rolls restrain -the:passage-of .air .between ithem and as a result :the entrapped .air .and ;gas is :forced .back into the space between the drier andtheznip rolls. Alsothe rows of the :drying :rolls or i tubes in @the drier .hold the 1 paper tightly, thus preventing the pressure built .up at .thenip rolls afrom passing back ,materiallv into .the paper .in thedrier. fIhisresults in a section .of the paper tube .being held together :at both ends, ;and as they :are :sealed airtight at .both edges, :ballooning ;out .underpressure built up is 1efiected.

lzhave found that-thedegree. of ballooningmay be effected by .the porosity =of the paper, the

amount oofgsteam pressure-applied before crink- 1 fling, the smoothness of the;finish .-.of the. surface :of th -.p per, the amount .of -;or.oss direction stretch, the e ree :of waxin rapplied .to {the :two

shee s, nd the-amount that-the corru ations are flattened previouslysto passing throughithe drier. Al the de re .of ball onin :may be ,varied Iwithin .certain limits by adjustment of ethe nip ;-rolls. p}

In;.cas -;th heetspf th =.we are' secured together by ztransverse .lines of {fidhQSl-YB t2, the

ballooning iseffected as the webleaves-thedrier crinkled or crinkled andcorrug-ated; paper. With thepres ent .method, however. by .filtst pplyin the pas terand-thereafter crinkling and corrugating, preferably before the paste has become dry,

an exceptionally "strong and" tight seam is provided. .Also, thesamsaslthusiformed are capable offela'sticjstretchability under strain espe'cially when 'theadhesiveis somewhat elastic. The-adhesive is preferably waterproof but in certain instances owing'to the speed of operation "of' the-machinethatis-unnecessary in spite of the moistening -of -t he=paperprevious1y-to crinkling.

As the :walls. of the lining-areerinkledand cor- .rugated ;together :they -are --of uniform stretchability; and ,capableof. uniformlyresisting burst- 4 the width of the webs, and the several tubes separated by slitting the webs longitudinally after crinkling and corrugating.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 5, instead of the longitudinal margins being secured together in the plane of the sheets as in Fig. 1, the sheets .pre arranged in overlapping relation with the projecting longitudinal margin 32 of each sheet folded over and adhesively secured to the other sheet. When the margins are thus folded and -.adhesively secured, the composite sheet is then re'ady to be acted upon by the crinkling and corrugating mechanism.

Instead-of'the bottom of the lining being closed byatransverse s'trip of adhesive I! as in the case bf the *formshown in Fig. 1, the bottom may be closed by sewing orgby folding over one end margin 34 and securing it by means of a line of stitching 35 (Fig. 5).

In the form shown .in Fig. 6 the walls of the ibag'areamade up; of atwo :strips. of different .widths rwith ithe amargins [of :the -.wi der strip 36 folded over .aridpasted .to ithe margins 1 of th narrower :stri-p. "It 'will the :noted that 5111 ,the iorms shown in both Figs. 5 andzfiwvhen thecompositezwe i :run ithrough athe 1 crin ling rand permea n .machine exceptionally strong seams are formed.

The drop. or hoverin :sheet-illustrated in ,Fig. n, is madefrom-two era-more webssfifi and 0 which @may the smoistureeproofed. ;P.r,evi0p 1 :t -.c1t nkding and rcorrugatin :these webs,z rr s ond ng margins thereof are secured;together= by;a line ,of .adh sived-z,ior aif ld liseam bezi r edrsu h ast hown-iinifiligs. 551 11111 LA Q iths c rin the webs together they are run .thrqugh .the l-erink insran eoo p atins .ma bin .as tot-fo a composite crinkled and permeated web. l?.arts o th co u ate we ma then -.b s a a except for the secured marginal portions.A2-.spias =to form aasm leshe Crinkling and corrugating machines su ch; as t atpf sai McBeanpa n a e s n in us are pal ab :o cr pklm and corruea n sheet 4 -..n.o mo thap eighty-to .o i i nd c es in Width, and it e heen se i u oblem-t pr vid a shee o g eate dt s c a .i i sment cd sired (fo -"cove n p rposes .d-rop sheets for painters use. 1p,aco rdance-with my imp ov d method ao p 1leet1m@y1 :m of substantially twice or several times the width .o wt usua c ink e nd or atedshe It -.will be apparent that my improved method ma b we ried-iout ex ed t us and i expenasively n p ueing,my impr od ma r a has or -.1 i:n n .-en c in -shee .a-n un z-re- #5111125 .are .insnred. Also-that rny improved machine simplmin constructionuand efficient in operation.

Whilefthe. mate Halls preferably made stretchable by. .c'rinkling. and corrugating, in. certain instances "it'fmayjbe made stretchable by other .mea s;.a i for ce a n-usesmay. be: made str tchable in ,b 1 1t on,e;d irection. For convenience of ,-.i a i9n h l hez in n ar sh wno sho mg Strains- *Aftertheiwmwebs'arefsealed len ths-ba .-lininsset z suallvrma :ofsub gather. ,at thetseams, and previouslyrto crinkling and corrugating, the seams ;may be .passed .through "a .parafiin bath whichapplies a. protective coatin to the. seams, ;orethe entire 'sealed tially greater length than width.

willgbe eyidenttothose skilled in:..the-.art, -my;-i nvention permits various modifications withgout. departing s'from sthe lspirit thereof -orthe webs may be passed through the bath.,so.,asrtomoistureproof. them throughout.

Instead of forming a single-tube as. described, by increasing the number ,of; longitudinal strips ,of adhesive; for, example fromtwo,to .four;,or;six,

:What .1; claim :is:

-LuThe -method;of unaking :articlesv of .manufacture of the class described yvhichcomprises feed n w twebs co nape lon itu nally and a plurality .of. tube; lengths:- may belformed; across qg positioning th e rn-;to get her ,at .;a, pigeplgetor i1;ed

point as they are being fed, applying adhesive to the webs so as to cause their longitudinal margins to be secured together, directing saturated steam under pressure between the webs at the point where they are brought together forming gatherings in the composite web to provide for stretchability in at least one direction, and applying heat to the web to cause ballooning thereof due to the expansion of the air and moisture between the sheets of the web.

2. The method of making articles of manufacture of the class described which comprises feeding two webs of paper longitudinally and positioning them together at a predetermined point as they are being fed, applying adhesive to the webs so as to cause their longitudinal margins to be secured together, applying saturated steam under pressure between the webs at said point in their travel, passing the composite web through a liquid bath to cause moistening thereof, crinkling the moistened web so as to provide for longitudinal stretchability and corrugating it so as to provide for transverse stretchability, passing the web through a drier, and as it leaves the drier passing it between nip rolls whereby ballooning of the sheets of the Web between the longitudinally secured margins thereof is effected.

3. In an apparatus for making articles of the class described, the combination of means for feeding two webs of paper longitudinally and positioning them together one upon the other at a predetermined point in their travel, devices for adhesively securing together the longitudinal margins of the webs as the webs are being fed, means for directing saturated steam under pressure between the webs at said point where they are positioned together, a liquid bath through which the composite web passes for moistening the web, means for forming gatherings in the 6 moistened web to provide for stretchability in at least one direction, and a drying device for drying the web after it leaves the last mentioned means and for causing ballooning thereof.

4. The method of making an article of manufacture of the class described, which comprises feeding two webs of paper longitudinally and positioning them together at a predetermined point as they are being fed, applying adhesive to the Webs so as to cause their longitudinal margins to be secured together, spraying moisture under pressure between the webs at the point where they are brought togther, passing the composite web through a liquid bath to cause moistening thereof, forming gatherings in the moistened web to provide for stretchability in at least one direction, and passing the web through a drying device for drying the web and. for causing ballooning thereof due to the expansion of the air and moisture between the sheets of the web.

WILLIS P. DREW.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,507,949 Angier Sept. 9, 1924 1,624,626 Robinson Apr. 12, 1927 1,967,609 Corcoran July 24, 1934 1,993,394 Bangs et a1 Mar. 5, 1935 2,052,494 Smith Aug. 25, 1936 2,071,347 Kemp Feb. 23, 1937 2,077,438 Rowe Apr. 20, 1937 2,139,041 Salfisberg 1 Dec. 6, 1938 2,170,945 Greene Aug. 29, 1939 2,180,431 Robinson Nov. 21, 1939 2,193,052 Atwater Mar. 12, 1940 2,210,436 Weingand et al Aug. 6, 1940 2,395,077 Southwick, Jr Feb. 19, 1946 

